Cardiac Surgery
Cardiac Surgery or Cardiovascular surgery is a surgery on the heart and/or great vessels performed by cardiac surgeons. Frequently, it is done to treat complications of ischemic heart disease (for example, coronary artery bypass grafting), correct congenital heart disease, or treat valvular heart disease caused by various causes including endocarditis.
It also includes heart transplantation. Cardiothoracic surgery is a testing, technical specialty which combines a need for understanding of cardiovascular and respiratory anatomy and physiology, cardiac and thoracic pathology and a need to be technically able. The most common operation performed is coronary artery bypass grafting in cardiac surgery (75%) and the other work in cardiac surgery is largely valve operations. Consultants tend to divide into three groups, cardiac surgeons, thoracic surgeons and combined cardiothoracic surgeons.
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